Common causes and problems analysis of gear worm gear reducer

Gear worm gear reducer is a kind of transmission machine with compact structure, large transmission ratio and self locking function under certain conditions. Moreover, the installation is convenient and the structure is reasonable, which is more and more widely applied. It is equipped with a helical gear reducer at the input end of the worm and worm gear reducer, and the multi-stage reducer can obtain very low output speed, which is more efficient than single worm gear reducer, and has small vibration, noise and low energy.

1. Common problems and their causes

1. Heating and oil leakage of the reducer. In order to improve efficiency, worm gear reducer generally adopts non-ferrous metal as worm wheel, and worm adopts hard steel. Because of sliding friction drive, more heat will be produced in operation, which makes the thermal expansion difference between the parts and seals of the reducer, thus forming the gap in each matching surface, and the lubricating oil is thinning because of the increase of temperature, and it is easy to make a leak. There are four main reasons for this situation, one is that the collocation of the material is not reasonable; the two is the poor quality of the surface of the meshing friction surface; the three is the incorrect selection of the quantity of the lubricating oil; and the four is the quality of assembly and the poor use of the environment.

2, worm wheel wear. The worm gear is usually made of tin bronze. The matching worm material is hardened to 45 HRC4555 steel, or 40Cr hardened HRC5055, and then grinded to worm Ra0.8 grinding m. The reducer is worn very slowly during normal operation, and some reducer can be used for more than 10 years. If the wear speed is faster, it is necessary to consider whether the selection is correct, the overload operation, the material of the worm and worm, the quality of assembly, or the use of the environment.

3, the transmission of small helical gear wear. Generally occurs on the vertical installation of reducer, mainly related to the amount of lubricating oil and oil varieties. Vertical installation, it is easy to cause insufficient lubricating oil, when the reducer stops running, the motor and reducer drive gear oil loss, gear can not get the proper lubrication protection. When the reducer starts, the gear can not be effectively lubricated, resulting in mechanical wear and even damage.

4. The worm bearing is damaged. In case of failure, even if the gearbox is well sealed, it is often found that the gear oil in the reducer is emulsified, and the bearings are rusted, corroded and damaged. This is because the gear oil temperature rises and the condensate produced after cooling is mixed with water after running for a period of time. Of course, it is also closely related to the bearing quality and assembly process.

Two. Solutions

1, ensure the quality of assembly. Can purchase or self-made some special tools, remove and install the reducer parts, try to avoid knocking with other tools such as hammer and other tools. When replacing gear, worm and worm, try to choose original fittings and pair replacement. When assembling output shaft, pay attention to tolerance coordination; use anti sticky agent or red oil to protect hollow shaft and prevent grinding. Rusting or scaling is difficult to remove during maintenance.

2, the selection of lubricating oil and additives. The worm gear reducer generally selects 220# gear oil. For heavy load, frequent start and poor environment reducer, some lubricating oil additives can be selected to make the gear oil attached to the gear surface when the reducer stops running, forming a protective film to prevent heavy load, low speed, high torque and direct connection between metal when starting. Touch. The additive contains seal ring regulator and anti leakage agent to make the sealing ring soft and elastic, and effectively reduce the leakage of lubricating oil.

3, the selection of the installation position of the reducer. In case of location, try not to use vertical installation as far as possible. When installing vertically, the amount of lubricating oil is much more than that of horizontal installation, which is easy to cause heat and oil leakage of the reducer.

4. Establish the system of lubrication and maintenance. The reducer can be maintained according to the "five fixed" principle of lubrication, and every reducer has the responsibility to check regularly. It is found that when the temperature rises obviously, more than 40 degrees or oil temperature exceeds 80, the quality of the oil is reduced or the oil is found more copper powder and the abnormal noise is produced, so it should be stopped immediately. Repair, troubleshooting and replacement of lubricating oil. When refueling, pay attention to the amount of oil to ensure that the reducer is properly lubricated.